Ventilating device for kitchens and kitchen stoves



W. A. PLEDGER VENTILATING DEVICE FOR KITCHENS AND KITCHEN STOVES Filed Oct. 3, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

WALL/AM A. LEDGE/Q BY 46240444009 HIS A TTORNEY l I I W. A. PLEDGER 2,481,341

VENTILATING DEVICE FOR KITCHENS AND KITCHEN STOVES Filed Oct. 3, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

WILLIAM A. PL E0 53 BY flumm/ IQQAQQL H15 ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 6, 1949 UNITED STATES VENTILATING DEVICE noe g acnfiiisanh" KITCHEN s'rovns- William Ai Pledger, SariFiahkd} Galifi Application October 3, 1945,-Serial1\lo.-6 2 0, 35

(013 want) 8 Claims. 1 I

This inventionrelates t0aventilating device for a kitchen and-akitchen stove.

In all kitchens, particularly in restaurant kitchens, during preparation of food, a stove emanates various odors, fumes, steam, .fat and grease vapors In addition to this,- thecooking stove heats theairtherearound which air raises upwardlyand gradually fills the roomstarting from the ceiling and progressing-gradually down- Wardly. This excessive heat is undesirable and has to be eliminateda The kitchen odors, steam, fat and grease evaporation, as well as theproducts of combustionof thestove itself-insome cases are taken care of by a specially;constructed ventilator, and the temperature in: the-kitchen,- or a room where the stove is, is kept'downby .a separate ventilating system.

It is the object-of-this invention -to-provide a unified ventilating system for a kitchen, which tures of the invention willbe specificallvpointedout in the appended-claims;

My invention is illustrated inthe'accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view tithe-ventilating device and stove to which the'same 'is attacliedh Fig. 21s avertical cross-section through the devicetaken alongthe'line i i of Fig; 3.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section d the device taken alongthe line 3 3 'of Fig-2r Fig. 4 is a: partial cross' seetiomtaken along" the line 4-4*o Fig;13'shovving=thev arrangement of the louver stavesand the mechanism 'of tlie adjustable automatiodanlper In detail, I denotes a rangega or'a'stovef which may be of any construction'or='design; The stove II has a pluralityprusuarovens and a flue 2 which runs; on the hack-side ot the -stove at: the 'top thereof and isficonnected with said ovens for the purpose of 1 eliminating sJfu-mes and products -of combustion 1 therefrorrr. The flue 2 "is connected tea ertica pipeswhicrrdirects-said "times and products; centr st-mu t e away "ream the stave: The pipe 3 ass-usual name; '4? g V,

Dufih eohraihg: thest'tive'is heated and heats the air therearcunu, matters;srheflsaharumes mm ochre-a: med;- qi -bur t rctus sreaa rapidly all over the pla e; To" emanate-such uflsesirame efiects avefih auhgde ite geherauy indicated at H] isp cviaed: The-device" represents abox like structure ccext'e sivewith theleilgth or said Steve; It isxififfabli ated-11s of sheet meta and sameness a ca amity locatdduct orfstack l I having-ah eieethe'hfatbefl zfahu'a fan I 3 operatively cc hetjd thretb" urposehf "pro:

- vidinga'foreed draftthefethrough.

Through the steam I an the wean-es chmbustion, rum'es'ahu excessive heat'are ischarged into the air outside the roorn dfbuildi'n'g'.

gated chamber "f rbfmea bif'a vertical partition I 6; atoppartition l-l' ahd' a' hamster I 8. The latter is supported at bottofri hinges" I 9 and is=normallyheld closfpositi'on lovsoiiie retaming-or locking devices a's'hooks'lflat the top of -said-d0on- The-bottom of the chamber l5 is opened tmadmit hot: air, vapor, products of combustionanil gasestherethrought The chamber IS has' for its purpose to filter saidair and gases passing therethrough *and-to-separate and collect fat and grease containedin' said air and gases? For thatpui'pose-apl-urality of filters 23 are provldedin said chamber dividing the same into an 11 inner cempartment 24" communicating with the stack! F and a mixin'g 'compartment'2 5-. The fili'je'is 23 aisuppertdby' a horizontal partitio'ii zeeittfiafrig -rrrh the verticar partition I6." The sepsaneaeatmwrsale filtersareconfihe'd'in theti eaghs ream weseeetivay: The latter trcueli" serves s"e= and on collector, and has a spotter: trr'th mi thereof froiii which saidgrease and tirdrip-ihth-"a container 3-]; The latter is supported under said spout bYa-s'upport 33.

hctair anu 'prdaiietof cmbusticifi"pass from" the compartment zg thrht'gh the-filters 2s intb'the" compartmen 2t?anancmtheiatfier to the "stack I i thiiiiigli opening 34' provided in the wairbrsaiastac q" compartment? coinffnfii'iicates" with said stack throughttvd mastitis-antennae"dampers 35 each "located-Within saiatbihpaftmnt 'z r'in close proximity with the iitt'ers -2 3. Each damper 35 consists of ename -39$ locatedin an opening 35 in the wall of'the' Stack-=11 which wall serves as 3 a partition between said compartment 24 and the stack. The frame 39 rotatably carries a plurality of louver slats 31 and has a plurality of cross partitions 36 attached thereto. Fig. 4 shows said louver slats in normal open position so that the air and gases pass between said slats and cross partitions into the stack II. The slats 31 being operatively connected to a common bar 38 operate as a unit and are so balanced as to be closed by the draft created by the fan I3 in the stack I I, but to stay open when said fan is inoperative. An indicator 40 is provided on the front wall of the stack I I to show whether said damper is closed or open. It consists of a bar 4I affixed to a shaft 42 which is adapted to rotate in a suitable bearing 43. The shaft 42 extends into the stack I I a certain distance and terminates with a lever 46 passing through said shaft. The ends of said lever 46 are connected by suitable links 47 to the slats 31. the shaft 42 and change the position of the bar 4| so as to indicate whether said dampers are closed or open. The bar 4I may also be manually operated to open or close said dampers.

At the bottom of the chamber I5 there is a suction spout 50 extending therefrom to substantially the middle of the stove or range I. The spout 50 extends throughout the length of the stove and has an opening '5I at the bottom side near the end thereof. the whole length of the spout. Means are provided in said spout to regulate the width of said opening, said means comprising a plurality of slides 52 adapted to slide on the lower side 53 of the spout and to partially or totally close said opening 5I over a portion of the stove where the same is desirable.

Gases, vapors and fumes from the food cooked on the surface of the stove I are sucked into the spout 50 through the opening 5I. The latter opening is located substantially over the middle of the stove and therefore less force is required to take in the fumes than in case' said opening 5i were located anywhere else; Furthermore, the air being drawn from the stove substantially straight up is undisturbed by any sidesweeping action of draft which factcontributes considerably to proper preparation of food by drawing the heat up from the top of the stove against the sides of thecooking vessels.

The pipe 3 extends from the fiue 2 to the lower side 53 of the spout 50 and communicates with the chamber I-5 through an opening 55 in said lower side 53. The gases and fumes from the ovens are carried through the flue 2 intothe pipe 3 and therefrom into the compartment 24.

As has been stated heretofore, the stove I heats the air therearound and the hot air rises upwardly to the ceiling 51 and gradually fills the kitchen, or the room where the stove is located, which may cause considerable discomfort to the people present therein. v t

Means are provided in said ventilating device II] for disposing of said hot air, said means including a plurality of adjustable louvers 60 arranged above the chamber I5 through which louvers 60 hot air is drawn into a hot air chest BI,

from which it is further drawn into a vertical passage 62 which is located on the back side of the device I throughout the length thereof and formed by the partition I6 and the back wall 65. The passage 62 extends downwardly along the wall 58 of the kitchen and somewhat below the fiue 2. An upward passage 53 formed by the partition I6 and the front wall 66 of the device is The motion of the latter will rotate g The opening extends 4 provided from the lower end of the passage 62 into the compartment 24.

Hot air drawn from the room passes the louvers til, the chest GI and enters the downward passage 62. After reaching the bottom of said passage it enters the upward passage 53 and therefrom it enters the compartment 24. Hot air has considerably lower temperature than the stove itself, or gases, fumes and air which enter the compartment 24 through the suction spout and the pipe 3. The air passing through the passage 62 keeps the back side of the stove and the wall 58 and ventilating device I0 comparatively cool and thus eliminates the possibility of fire being started by an overheated stove, stove pipe or ventilating device. It should be particularly noted that the flue 2 is exposed to a constant stream of air and is cooled thereby to a dangerless point. The air entering the compartment 24 from the upward passage 63 is mixed therein with the very hot fumes and products of combustion of the ovens delivered by the pipe 3 and the suction spout 50. The resulting mixture is of considerably lower temperature than the said fumes and products of combustion which assures better filtering results: more grease and oil is taken out of the fumes and air passing through said filters.

By arranging the end of the passage 62 well below the openings 5I and '55, the possibility of gases and fumes, passing through said openings, entering said passage is eliminated.

It should be also noted that the air drawn by the device I0 through the passages 62 and 63, passes through the filters 23 whereby additional filters for filtering said air which would otherwise be needed, are eliminated. By passing all fumes, air and products of combustion through said filters 23, the danger of contaminating ventilating ducts and pipes is also eliminated.

It may happen that the oven is fired without first starting the motor I2 in which case the fumes and products of combustion upon reaching the compartment 24 will practically be stopped by the filters 23 whereupon they will be diverted into the suction spout 50 and spread all over. In order to prevent this, the said above described adjustable automatic damper 35 is provided in the compartment 24. The latter, as has been heretofore stated, is normally open and all the fumes and products of combustion will escape through said damper into the stack I I. After the motor I2 has been stated, the damper 35 is automatically closed and the fumes, air and products I of combustion are drawn through the filters 23,

chamber 25 into the stack I I.

Due to the fact that the amount of air sucked through the louvers and the suction spout 50 may be regulated by adjusting said louvers and the size of opening 5I of the spout 50, the temperature of the room may be maintained at the desired level and at the same time fumes and products of combustion are taken care of. The size of the opening 5| may be adjusted differently over various sections of stove depending upon Whether the same is in use or not and upon the kind of food being prepared on a given section.

Having thus described the invention, I claim:

1. The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its rear side adjacent to a wall, with a ventilating device comprising means forming a chamber above the stove; a plurality of air filters in said chamber dividing the same into a mixing and an inner compartment; said chamber having a spout for drawing fumes from the top of the stoveinto said mixing compartment; an air clieston the top of saidchaiiiber, sincerest havrn means for admitting ro'o'ni'air thereihto; means substantially coextensive with the length of the stove, for conducting air "from 's'aid air chestl'downwardlyto the rear of the stov an'd upwardly "to: themixing compartment fdrmi'xin'g said air'with the fumes of the 'stove-; a stab (and means'for drawing air from said mixin com partmentthrough said filters into the inner conipa'rtm'e'nt andinto the stack.

2. The combinationof acpokingstove adapted to be disposed with" its rear" de adjacent to a wallfwi'th a ventilating "dev ce comprising means forminga chamber abiive the stov -3 a pith alibi of air filters in saidchambr fonseparating grease from the"a-i-rpassing therethrough, said filters being arranged side-by-side and dividing said chamber into mixing and inner compartments; an open spout extending from the chamber above the top of the stove for drawing fumes from said top into said mixing compartment; an air chest on the top of said chamber and having means for admitting air thereinto; said device including a back wall, a partition and a front wall forming a passage substantially coextensive with the length of the stove from said air chest downwardly below the top of the stove and therefrom upwardly to the mixing compartment; a stack; and means for drawing air mixed with fumes from said mixing compartment through the filters into the inner compartment and into the stack.

3. The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its rear side adjacent to a wall and including an oven, with a ventilating device comprising a stack; means connected to said stack for directing into said device fumes emanating from said stove; said means terminating and having an entrance opening above the middle of the stove, means for directing into said device combustion products from said even; means substantially coextensive with the length of the stove and extending downwardly between said stove and said wall for drawing into said device room air above the device, said last means being arranged to draw room air downwardly and upwardly between said stove and said wall; a filter arranged in the device for passing therethrough said fumes, combustion products and room air; a means arranged in the stack for drawing said fumes, products of combustion and air through the filter and into the stack.

4. The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its rear side adjacent to a wall and including an oven, with a ventilating device substantially coextensive with the length of said stove, said device comprising a stack; means for directing into said device fumes emanating from the top of said stove, said means extending the length of the stove and terminating and having an opening above the middle of the same; means for directing into said device combustion products from said oven; means for drawing into said device room air above the device; said last mentioned means being arranged to draw room air downwardly adjacent to said wall and upwardly adjacent to said stove substantially the length of said stove; a filter arranged in said device for passing therethrough said fumes, products of combustion and room air; and means for drawing said fumes, products of combustion and room air through said filter and into said stack.

5. The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its: back adjacent: tea wall; with a ventilating devicecomprising: a box-like structure having a t'op,'a bottom, two sides, a front and a back; asp out formedout of the front wall extending therefrom forwardly above the p f ai ev nd havi g an rs ina herei for drawing fumes from the top of the stove; inner partition in said, deyiceywhich partition with the back of said device defines a downward passage for room air above the device, and jsaid partition and the. front formspan upward; passage for said air, saidpassagesextending downwardly back of said stove. belowtheconkinglisurface thereof; apluralityhoffilters arranged-1msaid device throughout. the. length thereof so;- as.; to form an inner compartment and la mixing compartment, said compartment beingmin communication with said spout and the upward passage; a stack on said device; and means in said stack for drawing said fumes and air from the mixing compartment through said filters into the inner compartment and into the stack.

6. The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its back adjacent to a wall, with a ventilating device comprising a box-like structure having a top, a bottom, two sides, a front and a back; said back sides and front extending below the cooking surface of the stove; a stack; means for directing into said device fumes emanating from the top of said stove, said means extending substantially the length of said stove; means for directing into said device room air above the device, said last mentioned means being arranged to draw room air downwardly adjacent to the back wall of said device and upwardly adjacent to the front wall thereof; a filter arranged in said device for passing therethrough said fumes and room air; and means for drawing said fumes and room air through said filter.

7 The combination of a cooking stove adapted to be disposed with its rear side adjacent to a wall and including an oven, with a ventilating device substantially coextensive with the length of said stove, said device comprising a stack; means for directing into said device fumes emanating from the top of said stove, said means extending the length of the stove and terminating and having an opening above the middle of the same; means for directing into said device combustion products from said oven; means for directing into said device room air above the device; said last mentioned means being arranged to direct room air downwardly adjacent to said wall and upwardly adjacent to said stove; a filter arranged in said device for passing therethrough said fumes, products of combustion and room air; means for drawing said fumes, products of combustion and room air through said filter and into said stack, said stack having an opening adjacent the filter; and an automatic damper arranged in the opening, and adapted to provide a bypass for air, fumes ,and products of combustion into the stack directly when the means for drawing fumes, products of combustion and room air is inoperative.

8. The combination of a cooking stove with a ventilating device substantially coextensive with the length of said stove; said device comprising a stack; means for directing into said device fumes emanating from the stove; a filter arranged in said device for passing said fumes therethrough; means for drawing said fumes through said filter and into said stack; said stack having an opening; and means arranged in said openin to provide a bypass for said fumes into the stack directly when the means for drawing fumes through said filter is inoperative.

WILLIAM A. PLEDGER.

REFERENCES CITED 5 The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 10 217,353 Erdman July 8, 1879 273,216 Zerban Feb. 27, 1883 607,976 Amos July 26, 1898 1,377,694 Koehler May 10, 1921 1,477,590 Powell Dec. 18, 1923 15 1,584,619 Lloyd May 11, 1926 1,732,315 Ray Oct. 22. 1929 Number Number Name Date Nitka Sept. 29, 1931 Briegel Jan. 24, 1933 Barrett Sept. 1, 1936 Petersen May 27, 1937 Miller Mar. 22, 1938 Chambers Oct. 24, 1944 Sonntag Feb. 13, 1945 Brumbaugh May 22, 1945 Gaylord Jan. 1, 1946 Shoemaker Apr. 16, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Apr. 7, 1932 Great Britain Apr. 7, 1932 Germany Oct. 30, 1931 

